CSS-layout - z-index-egenskaben

Indholdsfortegnelse

Vis indholdsfortegnelse

Egenskaben z-index angiver stakrækkefølgen af et element.

z-indekset Ejendom

Når elementer er placeret, kan de overlappe andre elementer.

Egenskaben z-index angiver stakrækkefølgen af et element (hvilket element skal placeres foran eller bagved de andre).

Et element kan have en positiv eller negativ stakrækkefølge:

This is a heading

Because the image has a z-index of -1, it will be placed behind the text.

Eksempel

img
{
   
position: absolute;
  left: 0px;
   
top: 0px;
   
z-index: -1;
}

Prøv det selv →

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
img {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  z-index: -1;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<img src="img_tree.png">
<p>Because the image has a z-index of -1, it will be placed behind the text.</p>

</body>
</html>

Bemærk: z-index virker kun på positionerede elementer (position: absolut, position: relativ, position: fast eller position: klæbrig) og fleksible genstande (elementer, der er direkte børn af visning: flex elementer).

Et andet z-indeks eksempel

Eksempel

Her ser vi, at et element med større stakrækkefølge altid er over et element med en lavere stakrækkefølge:

 <html>
<head>
<style>
.container {
  position: relative;
}
  
.black-box {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  
  border: 2px solid black;
  height: 100px;
  margin: 30px;
}
.gray-box {
  
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 3;
  background: lightgray;
  height: 60px; 
  
  width: 70%;
  left: 50px;
  top: 50px;
}
.green-box {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  background: lightgreen;
  
  width: 35%;
  left: 270px;
  top: -15px;
  height: 
  100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
  
<div class="container">
  <div 
  class="black-box">Black box</div>
  <div class="gray-box">Gray 
  box</div>
  <div class="green-box">Green box</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Prøv det selv →

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.container {
  position: relative;
}

.black-box {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  border: 2px solid black;
  height: 100px;
  margin: 30px;
}

.gray-box {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 3; /* gray box will be above both green and black box */
  background: lightgray;
  height: 60px;  
  width: 70%;
  left: 50px;
  top: 50px;
}

.green-box {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2; /* green box will be above black box */
  background: lightgreen;
  width: 35%;
  left: 270px;
  top: -15px;
  height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>Z-index Example</h1>

<p>An element with greater stack order is always above an element with a lower stack order.</p>

<div class="container">
  <div class="black-box">Black box (z-index: 1)</div>
  <div class="gray-box">Gray box (z-index: 3)</div>
  <div class="green-box">Green box (z-index: 2)</div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

Uden z-indeks

Hvis to positionerede elementer overlapper hinanden uden et z-indeks angivet, vil elementet defineret sidst i HTML-koden blive vist øverst.

Eksempel

Samme eksempel som ovenfor, men her uden angivet z-indeks:

 <html>
<head>
<style>
.container {
  position: relative;
}
  
.black-box {
  position: relative;
  
  border: 2px solid black;
  height: 100px;
  margin: 30px;
}
.gray-box {
  
  position: absolute;
  background: lightgray;
  height: 60px; 
  
  width: 70%;
  left: 50px;
  top: 50px;
}
.green-box {
  position: absolute;
  background: lightgreen;
  
  width: 35%;
  left: 270px;
  top: -15px;
  height: 
  100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
  
<div class="container">
  <div 
  class="black-box">Black box</div>
  <div class="gray-box">Gray 
  box</div>
  <div class="green-box">Green box</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Prøv det selv →

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.container {
  position: relative;
}

.black-box {
  position: relative;
  border: 2px solid black;
  height: 100px;
  margin: 30px;
}

.gray-box {
  position: absolute;
  background: lightgray;
  height: 60px;  
  width: 70%;
  left: 50px;
  top: 50px;
}

.green-box {
  position: absolute;
  background: lightgreen;
  width: 35%;
  left: 270px;
  top: -15px;
  height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>Overlapping elements</h1>

<p>If two positioned elements overlap each other without a z-index specified,
the element defined last in the HTML code will be shown on top:</p>

<div class="container">
  <div class="black-box">Black box</div>
  <div class="gray-box">Gray box</div>
  <div class="green-box">Green box</div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

CSS ejendom

z-index: Indstiller stakrækkefølgen for et element